black carbon Label

Black carbon is the sooty black material emitted from gas and diesel engines, coal-fired power plants, and other sources that burn fossil fuel. It comprises a significant portion of particulate matter or PM, which is an air pollutant ... As black carbon deposits in the Arctic, the particles cover the snow and ice, decreasing the Earth’s ability to reflect the warming rays of the sun, while absorbing heat and hastening melt. (US EPA www20171206 https://www.epa.gov/air-research/black-carbon-research)

Black carbon (BC) is a collective term that describes a range of carbonaceous substances from partly charred plant residues to highly graphitized (i.e., highly ordered molecular carbon structures as found in graphite) soot that are generated as products of incomplete combustion ... In contrast to CB, there is no universally accepted chemical definition of the term “black carbon”, and it is oftentimes referred to as soot, graphitic carbon, and/or elemental carbon ... Christopher M.Long et al, Carbon black vs. black carbon and other airborne materials ... Environmental Pollution, Elsevier 2013 WWW20171206 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749113003266#)